Symptoms of head and neck cancer may be subtle or mistaken for common conditions in the early stages. Persistent or worsening symptoms may include:
- A lump or swelling in the neck, jaw, or mouth
- A sore in the mouth or throat that does not heal
- Persistent sore throat or the feeling that something is stuck in the throat
- Hoarseness or voice changes
- Difficulty swallowing or chewing
- Ear pain, particularly when swallowing
- Unexplained weight loss
- Numbness of the face or mouth
- Persistent nasal congestion, nosebleeds, or sinus infections
- White or red patches in the mouth
- Loose teeth or poorly fitting dentures
Because these symptoms can be caused by non-cancerous conditions, individuals with symptoms lasting more than two to three weeks should seek medical evaluation. Early diagnosis is critical for improving outcomes and preserving speech and swallowing function.
