What is Small Intestine Cancer?
Small intestine cancer is a rare type of cancer that develops in the small intestine. The small intestine is a long tube that carries digested food between the stomach and the large intestine. It is responsible for digesting and absorbing nutrients from food. Cancer can occur in any part of the small intestine, but it is most common in the part closest to the stomach (the duodenum).
The specific types of cancer that can occur in the small intestine include:
- Adenocarcinoma: The most common type, which starts in the lining of the small intestine.
- Carcinoid tumors: These begin in the hormone-producing cells of the intestine.
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): These start from a type of cell in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Lymphoma: A cancer of the lymphatic system that can develop in the small intestine.
Risk Factors
- Genetic Conditions: Certain inherited conditions increase the risk of developing small intestine cancer. These include familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and cystic fibrosis.
- Age: The risk of small intestine cancer increases with age, with most cases diagnosed in people who are in their 60s and 70s.
- Diet: A diet high in red meats and processed foods may increase the risk, while diets high in fruits and vegetables may lower the risk.
- Other Medical Conditions: Conditions that cause inflammation in the intestines, such as Crohn's disease and celiac disease, can increase the risk of developing small intestine cancer.
- Race and Ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, may have a higher risk of developing small intestine cancer.
- Tobacco and Alcohol Use: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are considered risk factors for many types of cancers, including those of the small intestine.
- Previous Cancer Treatments: People who have undergone radiation therapy or certain types of chemotherapy for other cancers may have an increased risk of developing small intestine cancer.